Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, a number of antiviral drugs have been studied and used in treatment. One of the most recognized is Veklury, also known by its generic name remdesivir. Approved by health authorities for certain hospitalized patients with COVID-19, Veklury has played a notable role in the clinical management of severe cases. Like all prescription medicines, however, Veklury is not without risks. Before starting treatment, patients and caregivers should understand the potential side effects, how they manifest, and what precautions can help minimize them.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of Veklury side effects, explaining both the common and more serious risks, as well as considerations patients should discuss with their healthcare team.
What is Veklury (Remdesivir)?
Veklury is an antiviral medication that works by interfering with the ability of certain viruses to replicate inside the body. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it was one of the first drugs granted emergency use authorization in several countries and has since received full approval in many regions for hospitalized patients.
The medicine is given intravenously (through a vein), typically over a period of 30 to 120 minutes. A standard course of treatment may last from 5 to 10 days, depending on the patient’s condition. Because it is administered in hospital settings, medical professionals can monitor its effects closely — an important safeguard considering the possible side effects.
Common Side Effects of Veklury
While most patients tolerate Veklury reasonably well, several side effects are relatively common. These effects are generally mild to moderate and often improve after treatment ends.
- Nausea
The most frequently reported side effect is nausea, particularly shortly after the infusion. This is usually temporary but can be uncomfortable. - Headache
Some patients report headaches during treatment. Although not dangerous, these may add to the discomfort of an already challenging illness. - Skin reactions at the injection site
Redness, pain, or swelling at the site where the medicine is infused may occur, especially with repeated doses. - Elevated liver enzymes
Laboratory tests often show temporary increases in liver enzymes, suggesting stress on the liver. For this reason, doctors routinely monitor liver function before and during treatment.
Serious Side Effects: What to Watch For
Although less common, some side effects of Veklury can be serious and require immediate medical attention.
1. Liver Problems
As mentioned, elevated liver enzymes are common, but in rare cases, Veklury can cause more significant liver injury. Signs include:
- Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)
- Dark urine
- Severe abdominal pain
- Unusual fatigue
Doctors may stop treatment if liver tests show concerning results.
2. Kidney Effects
There have been reports of kidney impairment in patients receiving Veklury. Symptoms may include decreased urine output, swelling in the legs or feet, or unusual changes in blood test results. Patients with existing kidney disease require especially close monitoring.
3. Allergic Reactions (Infusion-related Reactions)
Because Veklury is delivered directly into the bloodstream, some patients experience infusion-related reactions. These can range from mild rash or flushing to more severe symptoms like:
- Low blood pressure
- Rapid heartbeat
- Shortness of breath
- Swelling of the face, lips, or throat
In rare cases, anaphylaxis (a severe allergic reaction) can occur, which is a medical emergency.
Who is at Higher Risk of Side Effects?
Certain patients may face greater risks when using Veklury:
- People with pre-existing liver conditions, such as hepatitis or cirrhosis
- Patients with kidney disease or reduced kidney function
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women, as safety data in these groups is still limited
- Those taking other medications that affect the liver or kidneys, which can increase the chance of drug interactions or organ stress
For these reasons, healthcare providers conduct thorough evaluations and may run blood tests before and during treatment.
Balancing Benefits and Risks
It is important to remember that most patients receiving Veklury are already seriously ill with COVID-19. The potential benefits of treatment — shorter recovery time or reduced risk of severe complications — must be weighed against the possibility of side effects. For many, the potential gains outweigh the risks, especially when the medicine is used under close medical supervision.
How Doctors Monitor Patients During Treatment
To ensure patient safety, hospitals typically follow strict protocols during Veklury therapy:
- Liver function tests are performed regularly.
- Kidney function tests help identify problems early.
- Vital signs monitoring during infusion detects allergic or infusion-related reactions quickly.
- Medication review helps avoid harmful drug interactions.
Patients and caregivers should remain vigilant and report any new or worsening symptoms immediately.
Tips for Patients and Caregivers
- Ask Questions: Don’t hesitate to ask your healthcare team why Veklury is recommended, what the expected benefits are, and what risks you should watch for.
- Report Symptoms Promptly: Even seemingly minor issues, like nausea or rash, should be mentioned, as they can sometimes signal bigger problems.
- Provide Full Medical History: Make sure your doctors know about any liver or kidney problems, as well as all medications and supplements you are taking.
- Stay Informed: Guidelines evolve as more research becomes available. Keeping up-to-date with trusted health information helps you feel more in control.
Alternatives and Adjunctive Treatments
Veklury is just one part of COVID-19 management. Other medications, such as corticosteroids (like dexamethasone), anticoagulants, or monoclonal antibodies, may also be used depending on the severity of illness and patient characteristics. Supportive care — oxygen, hydration, and treatment of underlying conditions — remains essential. Patients should understand that Veklury is not a cure, but one tool among many.
Conclusion
Veklury has offered hope and benefit to many patients with COVID-19, particularly those hospitalized with severe disease. Yet, like any powerful antiviral, it carries risks that must not be overlooked. From common issues like nausea and headaches to more serious concerns such as liver or kidney injury, awareness of side effects is key to safe and effective use.
By maintaining open communication with healthcare providers, undergoing regular monitoring, and understanding the signs of possible adverse reactions, patients and caregivers can approach Veklury treatment with greater confidence. Ultimately, informed patients are empowered patients — and that knowledge is an essential part of healing.
